丹麦专利DK201700564A1 Dry Ice Pellet press

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专利摘要:
Apparatus for producing dry ice pellet 114 with several parallel cylindrical press chambers 101 located axially about a center shaft 108. Provided with liquid carbon dioxide 106 via center shaft 108, where it expands to gas and solid in the form of dry ice snow 111. In each press chamber 101 is a filter wall 102, a movable piston 104 and at the end of each press chamber 101 is a hollow plate 103. The pistons 104 push dry ice snow 111 to solid dry ice 113 through the hole plates 103, thereby forming dry ice pellets 114 on the outside. The apparatus may also be designed such that dry ice 113 is passed from press chambers 101 via channels 300 to a common hollow plate 301. The common hollow plate may be formed to have only one hole in different shapes 303. The gas 115 passes out through the filter walls 102. Pistons 104 and center shaft 108 is operated via a motor driven oblique disk 105. The device is compact and designed to be able to integrate dry pellet production into appliances or equipment that consume dry pellet, manually or automatically. This could be in connection with a dry ice blasting robot solution. The apparatus is well suited for assembly with carbon dioxide gas 901 recovery equipment so that the utilization of the liquid carbon dioxide 106 is improved.
公开号:DK201700564A1
申请号:DKP201700564
申请日:2017-10-09
公开日:2019-04-24
发明作者:Lyholm Johansen Steen
申请人:Cold Blasting Aps；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

The present invention relates to an apparatus for making dry ice pellets, also called a dry ice pellet press. The apparatus is made up of several parallel cylindrical press chambers located axially around a center shaft. Liquid carbon dioxide is passed through a rotating center shaft to each press chamber one by one by rotation of the center shaft, where the liquid carbon dioxide expands to gas and solid in the form of dry ice snow. In each press chamber there is a filter wall, a moving piston, and at the end of each press chamber there is a hollow plate. The pistons push dry ice snow into solid dry ice through the hollow plates, forming dry ice pellets on the outside. The apparatus may also be designed such that dry ice is conducted from press chambers via channels to a common hollow plate. The common hole plate can be shaped to have only one hole in different shapes. The gas passes out through porous filter walls. The pistons are driven via a motor driven bevel disk.
Prior art
Dry ice pellets are used in connection with the cooling of food products, the ice, when thawed to room temperature, evaporates and does not leave residues. In addition, the substance is non-toxic, which is an important aspect.
Another use of dry ice pellets is in dry ice blasting to clean surfaces. Drying pellets are accelerated and directed to the surface of an object to remove the surface coating, such as paint residue or dirt.
Drying pellets are usually supplied in thermo boxes from gas companies. The life of dry ice pellets in thermo boxes is limited to 14-21 days, and the quality of the dry ice deteriorates as a result of evaporation and water condensate absorbed from the surroundings during handling, which is especially true for small size dry ice pellets intended for dry ice blowing. The waste is therefore relatively high and the quality deteriorates.
DK 2017 00564 A1
Examples of apparatus for making dry ice pellets are given in Danish patent
DK1328765T3 from Cold Blasting and US Patents US5473903 and
US5845516.
Description of the Invention
It is the object of the invention to provide an improved apparatus for making dry ice pellets. In particular, the purpose is to provide a dry ice press that is compact and suitable for quick start / stop. It is a further object to provide a method of producing dry ice pellets directly for consumption, of high quality and in dimensions that are usually difficult to handle due to evaporation and water condensate from the surroundings. The invention is intended to be able to integrate dry pellet production into appliances or equipment that consume dry pellets, manually or automatically. This could be, for example, a robot solution with dry ice blasting.
The object is achieved by an apparatus for producing dry ice pellets comprising a plurality of press chambers each with a plunger for compressing solid carbon dioxide and for pressing the solid carbon dioxide through a hole plate arranged at the end of the press chambers where the press chambers are arranged at a distance around a central axis.
Advantageously, the apparatus comprises a common drive arranged to alternately actuate the pistons one by one in a rotational direction around the central axis. For example, the axis of movement of the pistons is parallel to the central axis. In a specific embodiment, the pistons are arranged on a circle about the central axis.
By providing the apparatus according to the invention with a plurality of press chambers, even with much smaller press chambers than according to the prior art, a production of dry ice pellets comparable in comparison with the production of much larger, known plants with one, two or three can be obtained.
DK 2017 00564 A1 press chambers. This results in an apparatus that is far more compact and lighter than known systems.
The dry ice pellet press described below can, for example, be set up at the place of consumption and typically has a size that allows several of this type to be set up as separate units in connection therewith. Typically, the present invention will weigh less than 50 kg and weigh less than 50L, which is advantageous to the typically known apparatus, which often weighs over 150 kg and weighs about 500 liters.
The smaller press chambers of an apparatus according to the invention must withstand a pressure comparable to that of larger press chambers in known plants, but the sufficient wall thickness of the small chambers can be constructed less than the wall thickness of large chambers, which is material saving. Since the piston area can also be provided less than in known apparatus, the overall force on the pistons is less, whereby less material is used for the pistons. Smaller material also means that there is less to cool down and therefore it is possible to interrupt and initiate the production of dry ice pellets very quickly, thus no large storage container for the dry pellets is needed.
Several smaller press chambers provide a larger filter area such that carbon dioxide gas formed by the expansion of liquid carbon dioxide more easily leaves the press chambers. This has an effect on the pressure in the press chambers, which has an effect on the capacity. It is critical that the pressure be kept below a limit value of 5.18 bar (A) for dry ice formation.
In some embodiments, a center shaft having a carbon dioxide supply in the center shaft is provided on and parallel to the central axis. There is then a supply of liquid carbon dioxide to the press chambers through the center shaft. For example, liquid carbon dioxide flows through the center shaft via an axial and longitudinal channel, for example from the shaft end, and beyond
DK 2017 00564 A1 through a radial duct to an area on the outside of the center shaft encased in a distributor housing.
For example, each of the press chambers is connected to the center shaft through a channel and the center shaft is provided rotationally in the direction of rotation and has an aperture which, in rotation, alternates with the channels of the press chambers one by one, thereby successively feeding the carbon dioxide in the liquid phase successively in the direction of rotation of the various press chambers during the rotation.
The center shaft rotates in that case and the distributor housing is stationary. In the distributor housing, channels are provided which direct carbon dioxide out to each press chamber. The access to the press chambers may be tangential to generate turbulence and promote gas separation. The timing and time course for the supply of liquid carbon dioxide to each press chamber is determined by the size and position of the radial channel in the center shaft. In each duct in the distributor housing there are nozzles whose size determines the amount of liquid carbon dioxide. The construction is a simple way of distributing liquid carbon dioxide to the press chambers and replacing advanced valve systems.
In some embodiments, the pistons are connected to a common bevel disk driven by an engine, for example a gasoline engine, a diesel engine, or an electric motor. Alternatives include pneumatic or hydraulic systems. The oblique disk has a axis of rotation on and parallel to the central axis, where the oblique disk is inclined with respect to the central axis, and where the pistons are connected to the oblique disk for the oblique disk to move the pistons one by one in their respective press chamber. Advantageously, the center shaft for distributing liquid carbon dioxide rotates to the press chambers together with the bevel disk. For example, an axial bearing is arranged between the bevel disk and pistons so that the bevel disk can rotate freely relative to the pistons.
DK 2017 00564 A1
The construction is simpler than, for example, a crankshaft or hydraulic drive at several press chambers. In principle, there is no limit to the number of press chambers in an apparatus according to the invention.
The apparatus is constructed with press chambers located axially around a center shaft and parallel to the center shaft. For example, the outlets for dry ice can be collected via channels to a common outlet with a common hollow plate. It saves with just a single hole plate and makes it easier to integrate the device into other equipment with only a single outlet with dry ice player. The hole plate may be larger or smaller in diameter and have one or more holes. The holes can be circular, square and other shapes.
The pistons in the various chambers undergo their movement cycle over time, one by one, due to the rotating oblique disc, whose highest point due to the oblique orientation relative to the axis of rotation rotates with the shaft. Along with a relatively high production frequency, an almost continuous supply of dry ice pellets to the consumer is achieved, which is of great importance in, for example, dry ice blowing.
Typical dry ice sizes are 0.5 mm to 30 mm in diameter and 1 mm to 200 mm in length. However, the invention is not limited to these dry ice sizes. Cross sections of pellets may be circular, square or have other shapes.
The apparatus of the invention can be provided in various sizes and with different piston pressures. For example, the internal diameter of the press chambers is between 4 mm and 40 mm, preferably between 5 mm and 25 mm, and most preferably between 6 mm and 15 mm. The stroke length of the piston is, for example, between 2 mm and 100 mm, preferably between 3 mm and 50 mm, and most preferably between 5 mm and 20 mm. The pressure of the piston on the solid carbon dioxide is, for example, between bar and 1000 bar, preferably between 80 bar and 500 bar, and most preferably
DK 2017 00564 A1 between 120 bar and 300 bar. For example, a cycle for a press chamber in which the piston moves back and forth has a length of time of between 0.001 seconds and 30 seconds, preferably between 0.005 seconds and 5 seconds, and most preferably between 0.01 and 1 seconds.
Gas from the liquid carbon dioxide is advantageously removed from the apparatus with a gas separator. Gas arises because liquid carbon dioxide is often stored at the boiling point, and in case of heat in the supply pipes gas arises due to evaporation. Gas in the supply causes dry ice production to stop until the gas has passed and therefore affects the flow of dry ice pellets. For example, the gas separator consists of a container, a float and a valve system. The container is placed so that gas seeks up the top of the container and is blown out depending on the level of liquid carbon dioxide. By enclosing the gas separator, cold gas from the press chambers can cool the exterior of the gas separator vessel and carbon dioxide can be recovered by condensing gas to liquid carbon dioxide in the gas separator. For example, blowing off carbon dioxide gas from the gas separator belt can be done directly to an enclosure, thereby replacing a pipe system.
Drying pellets can be produced and passed directly from the hole plate into a piping. By using carbon dioxide gas or air as a carrier gas, finished dry ice pellets can be removed quickly. This can be used to transport dry ice pellets to another location or to get the dry pellets into an air string used for dry ice blowing.
Gas formed by the expansion of liquid carbon dioxide into dry ice can be brought back to liquid form and thereby recovered by compression and cooling in a recycling plant. The ratio of dry ice to gas is approximately 50/50, depending on the thermodynamic conditions. Dry pellet press and recycling plant can be assembled to save components or they can be set up separately to save space around the dry pellet press. Recovery of carbon dioxide gas from dry pellet presses is described in DK1328765T3.
DK 2017 00564 A1
The amount of gas formed at the expansion can be reduced by a heat exchanger, where the liquid carbon dioxide is cooled with gas from the expansion.
This technique can be applied to the dry pill press with or without recycling.
The invention is explained below with reference to drawings in which: FIG. 1 illustrates the structure and function of press chambers,
FIG. 2 illustrates the construction of press chambers with tangential supply of liquid carbon dioxide;
FIG. 3 illustrates construction with only one hollow plate,
FIG. 4 illustrates the structure with gas separator,
FIG. 5 illustrates gas separator function,
FIG. 6 illustrates the structure with the use of carbon dioxide blower gas for the transport of dry ice pellets,
FIG. 7 illustrates the structure with the use of air to transport dry ice pellets,
FIG. 8 illustrates assembly with carbon dioxide exhaust gas recovery,
FIG. 9 illustrates structure with separate recovery of carbon dioxide exhaust gas,
FIG. 10 illustrates structure with recovery and heat exchanger for cooling liquid carbon dioxide.
FIG. 1 shows a radial cross-section and an axial cross-section of a dry pellet press 100 composed of several cylindrically shaped press chambers 101 located axially on a circle around a center shaft 108. In the press chambers 101, liquid carbon dioxide 106 expands to carbon dioxide gas 115 and dry ice snow 111. Carbon dioxide gas 115 is removed, respectively. the press chambers 101 via the walls which are cylindrical filter walls 102 made of a porous material, for example porous metal or plastic. One option is sintered material.
Carbon dioxide gas 115 is collected in the gas chamber 116 and flows to channel 117 where it leaves the gas chamber. Dry ice snow 111 is retained in the press chambers 101 of the filter walls 102 and pressed up to compact dry ice 113
DK 2017 00564 A1 against the hollow plates 103 of the pistons 104. Compact dry pellet 114 is formed in the hollow plates 103 and comes out on the opposite side of the hollow plates 103. The number, size and shape of holes in the hollow plates 103 can vary and determine the final design of the dry pellets 114. The hole plates 103 are made of a stable material, for example metal or plastic.
The pistons 104 are linearly movable in the press chambers 101 and are driven by a rotating bevel disk 105 having an axial bearing 118 which is inclined with respect to the center shaft 108 and, by rotation due to their inclined orientation, the pistons 104 press one by one against the hollow plates. The pistons 104 are pressed against the axial bearing 118 and the bevel disc 105 by springs 120. The pistons 104 are cylindrical and preferably made of metal or plastic. The upper diameter of the pistons 104 corresponded to the diameter of the filter walls 103. At a distance from the pressing chambers 101, the diameter of the center may be smaller to optimize the insulation. The diameter of the lower part of the pistons 104 corresponds to the bearings in bearing plate 119. The bearing plate 119 contains axial sliding bearings for the pistons 104 and radial sliding bearing for the center shaft 108. The bearing plate 119 is made, for example, in whole or in part, of a metal or plastic sliding bearing material.
The lower end of the pistons 104 ends curved, for example spherically, where they abut the axial bearing 118. The axial bearing 118 is an axial ball bearing or other form of axial bearing. The axial bearing 118 takes the loads from the pistons 104 and ensures that the inclined plate 105 can rotate and the pistons 104 remain stationary in the radial position but slide in the axial direction. Springs 120 are mounted between the lower end of the pistons 104 and the bearing plate 119 so that the pistons 104 constantly engage the axial bearing 118. The inclined plate 105 and the center shaft 108 are interconnected and rotate together, driven by a motor, electrically or by means of another form of energy supply, for example hydraulic or pneumatic.
DK 2017 00564 A1
The top of the center shaft 108 rotates in the distributor housing 110. Liquid carbon dioxide
106 runs from the inlet of the distributor housing 110 through channel 107 in the center shaft 108 onwards to the various nozzle holes 109 in the distributor housing 110 one by one during the rotation of the center shaft 108 and thence through pipes 112 to the various press chambers 101 which are also filled with carbon dioxide one after the other. one during the rotation of the center shaft 108. The center shaft 108 is typically made of metal, plastic or ceramic material.
Channel 107 comprises an axial hole in the center shaft 108, for example, from the top of the center shaft 108 which forms inlet for liquid carbon dioxide 106, and a radial hole in the side of the center shaft 108 which forms outlet for liquid carbon dioxide 106. The outlet of channel 107 is at the level of the nozzle holes 109 in the distributor housing 110, and liquid carbon dioxide 106, which is under pressure (typically 1025 Bar (A)), flows to the nozzle holes 109 as channel 107 passes by during the rotation of the center shaft 108. Location of the outlet of channel 107 in relative to the oblique disk 105 determines the timing of the flow of liquid carbon dioxide 106 to the nozzle holes 109. The outlet channel diameter
107 determines the length of time the flow of liquid carbon dioxide to the nozzle holes 109. In the nozzle holes 109, the liquid carbon dioxide 106 expands to dry ice snow 111 and carbon dioxide gas 115. The nozzle holes 109 are part of the distributor housing 110 and the hole size in the nozzle holes 109 determines the flow rate. Dry ice snow 111 and carbon dioxide gas 115 are passed through pipe 112 to press chamber 101.
FIG. 2 shows pipe 200 with dry ice snow 111 and carbon dioxide gas 115 which enters tangentially to the press chamber 101. The deflection from the tangential direction at the wall of the press chambers 101 provides an improved separation between dry ice snow 111 and carbon dioxide gas 115.
FIG. 3 shows compact dry ice 113 which is passed from press chambers 101 through channels 300 to a common hollow plate 301. For example, hollow plate 303 is provided with only one hole for producing a rod in solid dry ice 302. Hollow plate 301
DK 2017 00564 A1 can be larger or smaller in diameter and have one or more holes. The holes can be circular, square or have other desired geometric shapes.
FIG. 4 shows an example of a supply of liquid carbon dioxide 106 with gas separator vessel 400 positioned so that carbon dioxide gas 406 is collected and blown off via a nozzle 402 depending on the level of liquid carbon dioxide 405. Gas occurs because liquid carbon dioxide is often stored at the boiling point and at heat in the supply pipe gas occurs due to evaporation. Gas in the supply causes dry ice production to stop until the gas has passed and therefore affects the flow of dry ice pellets. Float 401 is lifted by liquid carbon dioxide 405 and closes at a high level of gas deflection by the surface 403 pressing against the nozzle 402. The nozzle 402 directs carbon dioxide gas 406 to enclosure 404, thereby replacing any piping system. Carbon dioxide gas 117 from press chambers 101 is fed to the exterior of gas separator vessel 400 by enclosure 404. Cold gas from press compartments 101 cools the exterior of gas separator vessel 401 and liquid carbon dioxide 405 is recovered by condensing carbon dioxide gas 406 on the inside of gas separator vessel 401. Blow 407 consists of carbon dioxide gas from gas separator 406 and carbon dioxide gas from press chambers 117.
FIG. 5 shows the principle of float 401 which is lifted by liquid carbon dioxide 405 and closes at a high level of gas blow-off by the surface 403 pressing against the nozzle 402.
FIG. 6 shows carbon dioxide gas from gas separator 407, which is passed via channel 600 to a position in front of the hole plate 301. Drying player 114 is thereby ripped off by carbon dioxide gas 601 and conducted for consumption. Conduit 602 around the hole plate 301 can advantageously be formed with inclined sides for drying player 114 to break and release.
FIG. 7 shows air which is conducted via duct 700 to a position in front of the hole plate 301. Dry player 114 with is then torn off by air 701 and conducted for consumption. Channel 702
GB 2017 00564 A1 around the hole plate 301 can be formed with inclined sides for drying player 114 to break and go free.
FIG. Figure 8 shows an example of how carbon dioxide gas 117 from press chamber 101 is fed to a compressor unit 800. In the compressor unit 800, the pressure of carbon dioxide gas 117 is raised from a low pressure, for example in the range 1-4 Bar (A), to a higher pressure. for example, in the range of 8-24 Bar (A), in the pipeline 801 to the container 802. The container 802 functions as a reservoir for supply of liquid carbon dioxide 106. Level of liquid carbon dioxide is assured by measurement with level sensor 803 controlling valve 804. At low level 803 opens valve 804 for liquid carbon dioxide 806 from storage tank 807 which is passed via piping 805 to container 802. The pressure in container 802 is controlled by measurement with pressure sensor 808 connected to a cooling system 809 which cools a capacitor 810. At high pressure 808 cooling of capacitor 810 is increased such that carbon dioxide gas is condensed into liquid carbon dioxide and the pressure decreases.
FIG. 9 shows carbon dioxide gas from gas separator 407, which is passed via channel 900 to an external recycling plant 901. Here, carbon dioxide gas is liquefied and is piped via pipeline 902 to reservoir 903 and further as supply of liquid carbon dioxide 106 to dry pellet press 100.
FIG. 10 shows carbon dioxide gas 117 from press chambers 101 receiving heat in a heat exchanger 1001 from liquid carbon dioxide 106 to dry pellet press 100.

权利要求:
Claims (10)
[1]
P a t e n t k r a v
An apparatus for making dry pellets comprising at least one press chamber (101) with movable piston (104) for compressing solid phase carbon dioxide (113) and for compressing the solid carbon dioxide through a hollow plate (103) disposed at the end of the at least one press chamber, characterized in that the apparatus is provided with a plurality of press chambers arranged at a distance around a central axis, the press chambers being provided with their own pistons and with a axis of movement along which the piston reciprocates and the apparatus comprising a common drive arranged for alternately affecting the pistons one by one in a direction of rotation about the central axis.
[2]
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the axes of movement of the pistons (104) are parallel to the central axis.
[3]
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pistons (104) are arranged on a circle about the central axis.
[4]
Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a center shaft (108) with a carbon dioxide supply (106) in the center shaft and arranged for supplying (107) the carbon dioxide in liquid is provided on and parallel to the central axis. phase from the center shaft to the various press chambers (101) before pressing the frozen carbon dioxide through the hole plate (103) by means of the plunger (104) in the respective press chambers.
[5]
Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that each of the pressing chambers (101) is connected to the center shaft (108) through a channel (112) and the center shaft is provided rotating in the direction of rotation and has an opening (107) which, by rotation, in turn, the channels of the press chambers are connected one by one, thereby adding successively the carbon dioxide in the liquid phase in the direction of rotation to the various press chambers during the rotation.
DK 2017 00564 A1
[6]
Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pistons (104) in the press chambers (101) are driven by a common bevel disk (105) driven by a motor, wherein the bevel disk has a rotary shaft (108) on and parallel to the central axis, where the bevel disk is inclined with respect to the central axis and where the pistons are connected to the bevel disk for the bevel disk to move the pistons one by one in their respective pressing chamber.
[7]
Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the inclined disk (105) comprises an axial bearing (118) against which one end of each of the pistons is in biased abutment against.
[8]
Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the press chambers (101) are connected to channels (300) which conduct dry ice from the press chambers to a common hole plate (301).
[9]
Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apparatus comprises a carrier gas device arranged for the blown carbon dioxide gas (601) from the press chambers (101) and / or air (701) to be used as a carrier gas. for transporting the dry ice pellets (114) from the hollow plates (103, 301) to the destination.
[10]
Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apparatus is arranged for cooling (1001) of the liquid carbon dioxide (106) to the press chambers (101) by means of the expanded carbon dioxide gas (117) from the press chambers. .

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同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

EP3695160A4|2021-07-07|

EP3695160A1|2020-08-19|

DK179881B1|2019-08-20|

WO2019072347A1|2019-04-18|

引用文献:

公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

DE1567429C3|1965-10-21|1979-02-15|Chemetron Corp., Chicago, Ill. |Device for producing dry ice elements|

US5419138A|1993-07-13|1995-05-30|Laroche Industries, Inc.|Pellet extruding machine|

US5845516A|1997-01-30|1998-12-08|Carbonic Reserves|Dry ice pelletizer and method for production|

ES2299503T3|2000-09-05|2008-06-01|Cold Blasting Aps|GRANULES PRESS FOR DRY ICE.|

KR20070113574A|2006-05-25|2007-11-29|빅텍스|Dry ice pelletizer|

KR101533385B1|2013-09-05|2015-07-02|에코보보스 주식회사|Dry Ice Pelletizer|

RU2729251C2|2015-06-25|2020-08-05|Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ИРБИС ТЕХНОЛОГИИ" |Methods and apparatus for producing granular solid carbon dioxide |

法律状态:
2019-04-24| PAT| Application published|Effective date: 20190410 |

2019-08-20| PME| Patent granted|Effective date: 20190820 |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

DKPA201700564A|DK179881B1|2017-10-09|2017-10-09|Dry Ice Pellet press|DKPA201700564A| DK179881B1|2017-10-09|2017-10-09|Dry Ice Pellet press|

EP18866647.3A| EP3695160A4|2017-10-09|2018-10-02|Dry ice pelletizer|

PCT/DK2018/050249| WO2019072347A1|2017-10-09|2018-10-02|Dry ice pelletizer|

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